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HPMR

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prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1 OKDB#: 4933
 Symbols: PARM1 Species: human
 Synonyms: WSC4, Cipar1, PARM-1, DKFZP564O0823,  Locus: 4q13.3-q21.3 in Homo sapiens


For retrieval of Nucleotide and Amino Acid sequences please go to: Entrez Gene
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General Comment
General function Extracellular binding protein
Comment
Cellular localization Secreted
Comment
Ovarian function Steroid metabolism, Luteinization
Comment Prostate Androgen Regulated Mucin-like protein 1: A Novel Regulator of Progesterone Metabolism. Yeon Park J 2013 et al. The LH surge reprograms preovulatory follicular cells to become terminally differentiated luteal cells which produce high levels of progesterone and become resistant to apoptosis. PARM1 (Prostate Androgen Regulated Mucin-like protein 1) has been implicated in cell differentiation and cell survival in non-ovarian cells, but little is known about PARM1 in the ovary. This study demonstrated that the LH surge induced a dramatic increase in Parm1 expression in periovulatory follicles and newly forming CL in both cycling and immature rat models. We further demonstrated that hCG increases Parm1 expression in granulosa cell cultures. The in vitro up-regulation of Parm1 expression was mediated by hCG-activated multiple signaling pathways and transcriptional activation of this gene. Parm1 knockdown increased the viability of cultured granulosa cells, but resulted in a decrease in progesterone levels. The inhibitory effect of Parm1 silencing on progesterone was reversed by adenoviral mediated add-back expression of Parm1. Parm1 silencing had little effect on the expression of genes involved in progesterone biosynthesis and metabolism such as Scarb1, Ldlr, Vldlr, Scp2, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b, and Srd5a1, while decreasing the expression of Akr1c3. Analyses of culture media steroid levels revealed that Parm1 knockdown had no effect on pregnenolone levels, while resulting in time-dependent decreases in progesterone and 20a-dihydroprogesterone and accelerated accumulation of 5a-pregnanediol. This study revealed that the up-regulation of Parm1 expression promotes progesterone and 20a-dihydroprogesterone accumulation in luteinizing granulosa cells by inhibiting progesterone catabolism to 5a-pregnanediol. PARM1 contributes to ovulation and/or luteal function by acting as a novel regulator of progesterone metabolism. /////////////////////////
Expression regulated by LH
Comment
Ovarian localization Granulosa, Luteal cells
Comment
Follicle stages Corpus luteum
Comment
Phenotypes
Mutations 0 mutations
Genomic Region show genomic region
Phenotypes and GWAS show phenotypes and GWAS
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created: Oct. 4, 2013, 11:59 a.m. by: hsueh   email:
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last update: Oct. 4, 2013, 12:02 p.m. by: hsueh    email:



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