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Ovarian Kaleidoscope Database (OKdb)

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Methyl-cpg-binding Domain Protein 2 OKDB#: 3578
 Symbols: MBD2 Species: human
 Synonyms: DMTase, NY-CO-41, DKFZp586O0821,DEMETHYLASE, DMTase  Locus: 18q21 in Homo sapiens


For retrieval of Nucleotide and Amino Acid sequences please go to: OMIM Entrez Gene
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General Comment NCBI Summary: DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. The protein encoded by this gene may function as a mediator of the biological consequences of the methylation signal. It is also reported that the this protein functions as a demethylase to activate transcription, as DNA methylation causes gene silencing.
General function Enzyme, Nucleic acid binding, DNA binding
Comment
Cellular localization Nuclear
Comment
Ovarian function
Comment
Expression regulated by
Comment
Ovarian localization Primordial Germ Cell
Comment Sex-specific windows for high mRNA expression of DNA methyltransferases 1 and 3A and methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins 2 and 4 in human fetal gonads. Galetzka D et al. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and 5-methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins (MBDs) are involved in the acquisition of parent-specific epigenetic modifications in human male and female germ cells. Reverse Northern blot analyses demonstrated sex-specific differences in mRNA expression for the maintenance DNMT1 and the de novo DNMT3A in developing testis and ovary. In fetal testis DNMT1 and DNMT3A expression peaked in mitotically arrested spermatogonia around 21 weeks gestation. In fetal ovary transcriptional upregulation of DNMT1 and DNMT3A occurred during a very brief period at 16 weeks gestation, when the oocytes proceeded through meiotic prophase. Fetal gonads showed several fold higher DNMT3A expression levels than fetal brain and adult tissues. The most abundant DNMT3A isoform in fetal testis and ovary was DNMT3A2, whereas in all other analyzed tissues DNMT3A1 predominated. The catalytically inactive DNMT3A3 isoform was also present at relatively high levels in developing gonads and may perform a regulatory function(s). In both male and female fetal gonads expression of genes for MBD2 and MBD4, which may be implicated in chromatin remodeling of methylated genomic DNA sequences, was tightly linked to DNMT expression. We propose that the sex-specific time windows for concomitant upregulation of DNMT1, DNMT3A, MBD2, and MBD4 are associated with prenatal remethylation of the human male and female germ line. Mol. Reprod. Dev. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Follicle stages
Comment
Phenotypes
Mutations 0 mutations
Genomic Region show genomic region
Phenotypes and GWAS show phenotypes and GWAS
Links
OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: an excellent source of general gene description and genetic information.)
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created: Sept. 28, 2006, 7:50 a.m. by: hsueh   email:
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last update: Sept. 28, 2006, 7:52 a.m. by: hsueh    email:



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