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Ovarian Kaleidoscope Database (OKdb)

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Oncogene Jun-d OKDB#: 1415
 Symbols: JUND Species: human
 Synonyms:  Locus: 19p13.1-p12 in Homo sapiens


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General Comment JUND is the most broadly expressed member of the JUN family and the AP1 transcription factor complex.

NCBI Summary: The protein encoded by this intronless gene is a member of the JUN family, and a functional component of the AP1 transcription factor complex. It has been proposed to protect cells from p53-dependent senescence and apoptosis. Alternate translation initiation site usage results in the production of different isoforms.
General function DNA binding, Transcription factor
Comment
Cellular localization Nuclear
Comment
Ovarian function Follicle development
Comment xyz
Expression regulated by FSH
Comment
Ovarian localization Oocyte, Granulosa, Luteal cells
Comment Sharma,S.C. and Richards,J.S. reported the regulation of AP1 (Jun/Fos) Factor expression and activation in ovarian granulosa cells: Relation of JunD and Fra2 to terminal differentiation. The expression patterns of Jun and Fos family members in response to hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and cAMP) were distinct. JunB, c-Jun, c-Fos, and Fra2 were rapidly but transiently induced by FSH in immature granulosa cells. JunD and Fra2 were induced by LH and maintained as granulosa cells terminally differentiated into luteal cells. Forskolin and phorbol myristate acetate acted synergistically to enhance transcription of an AP1(-73COL)-luciferase construct. JunD appears to be one mediator of this effect, since JunD was a major component of the AP1-DNA binding complex in granulosa cells, and menin, a selective inhibitor of JunD, blocked transcription of -73COL-luciferase. Thus, FSH and LH via cAMP induce specific AP1 factors, the AP1 expression patterns are distinct, and that of JunD and Fra2 correlates with the transition of proliferating granulosa cells to terminally differentiated, non-dividing luteal cells. Stocco CO, et al reported a calcium/calmodulin-dependent activation of ERK1/2 mediates JunD phosphorylation and induction of nur77 and 20 alpha-hsd genes by prostaglandin F-2 alpha in ovarian cells. In luteinized granulosa cells, PGF(2alpha) stimulates in vitro nur77 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Serial 5'-deletion of the nur77 promoter revealed that the necessary and sufficient elements for PGF(2alpha) induction of Nur77 promoter activity are located between the nueleotides -86 and -33 upstream of the transcription start site, this region containing two AP1 elements. JunD binds to these A-PI sites, but its binding is not stimulated by PGF(2alpha). However, mutation of the AP1 sites as well as a dominant-negative JunD abolished nur77 induction by PGF(2alpha). PGF(2alpha) induces phosphorylation of JunD bound to the nur77 promoter. Stimulation of nur77 expression and JunD phosphorylation were prevented by inhibitors of calcium, calmodulin, or ERK1/2 kinase. PGF2,induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation was prevented by calcium/calmodulin inhibitors. It was concluded that activation of JunD through a calmodulim-dependent activation of ERKI/2 mediates nur77 induction by PGF2,. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tyrosine Phosphorylation and AP-1 Transcription Factors c-Jun, Jun D, and Fos Family During Early Ovarian Follicle Development in the Mouse Oktay KH, et al . The growth control mechanism of early-stage ovarian follicles is unknown. Tyrosine phosphorylation of signaling molecules and changes in expression and activation of AP-1 transcription factors have been implicated in growth regulation of numerous cell types. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to analyze tyrosine phosphorylation patterns and expression and activation of selected AP-1 transcription factors in mouse ovarian follicles. The ovaries were collected from B62F1/J mice in estrus. Representative sections were immunostained for phosphotyrosine, phospho-c-Jun, Jun D, and c-Fos. Phosphotyrosine staining was perioocytic from the transitional stage until approximately 5 to 7 layers of granulosa cells had formed. Perioocytic staining was then replaced by scattered stippled staining in granulosa cells of larger follicles. Phospho c-Jun was exclusively expressed in mitotic granulosa cells of follicles from transitional to antral stages. Jun D was expressed in the oocytes of primordial, primary, or transitional follicles and disappeared at the 2-layer preantral stage. Fos was present in corpora lutea and theca cells but not in granulosa cells. Collectively, these data indicate that phosphotyrosine signaling and AP-1 transcription factors are intimately involved in early stages of ovarian follicle growth.
Follicle stages Antral, Preovulatory, Corpus luteum
Comment
Phenotypes
Mutations 0 mutations
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Phenotypes and GWAS show phenotypes and GWAS
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created: Jan. 17, 2002, 3:58 p.m. by: hsueh   email:
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last update: Feb. 20, 2010, 10:36 a.m. by: hsueh    email:



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