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HPMR

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Syndecan 2 OKDB#: 1180
 Symbols: SDC2 Species: human
 Synonyms: SYND2| HEPARAN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN, HSPG| HSPG1| FIBROGLYCAN|  Locus: 8q22-q24 in Homo sapiens
HPMR


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General Comment Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans are composed of a membrane-associated protein core substituted with a variable number of heparan sulfate chains. Two different cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan families can be distinguished: (1) the syndecan-like integral membrane proteoglycans (SLIPS), with a core protein spanning the cytoplasmic membrane, and (2) the glypican-related integral membrane proteoglycans (GRIPS), with a core protein anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol.

General function Receptor
Comment
Cellular localization Extracellular Matrix, Plasma membrane
Comment
Ovarian function Follicle development, Antral follicle growth, Ovulation
Comment Princivalle M, et al 2001 reported anticoagulant heparan sulfate proteoglycans expression in the rat ovary peaks in preovulatory granulosa cells. Ovarian granulosa cells synthesize anticoagulant heparan sulfate proteoglycans (aHSPGs), which bind and activate antithrombin III. To determine if aHSPGs could contribute to the control of proteolytic activities involved in follicular development and ovulation, the authors studied the pattern of expression of these proteoglycans during the ovarian cycle. aHSPGs were localized on cells and tissues by I-125-labeled antithrombin III binding followed by microscopic autoradiography. Localization of aHSPCs has shown that cultured granulosa cells, hormonally stimulated by gonadotropins to differentiate in vitro, up-regulate their synthesis and release of aHSPGs. In vivo, during gonadotropin-stimulated cycle, aHSPGs are present on granulosa cells of antral follicles and are strongly labeled in preovulatory follicles. These data demonstrate that aHSPG expression in the ovarian follicle is hormonally induced to culminate in preovulatory follicles. Moreover, five heparan sulfate core proteins mRNA (perlecan; syndecan-1, -2, and -4; and glypican-1) are synthesized by granulosa cells, providing attachment for anticoagulant heparan sulfate chains on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. These core proteins are constantly expressed during the cycle, indicating that modulations of aHSPG levels observed in the ovary are likely controlled at the level of the biosynthesis of anticoagulant heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains. This expression pattern enables aHSPGs to focus serine protease inhibitors in the developing follicle to control proteolysis and fibrin formation at ovulation.
Expression regulated by FSH, LH
Comment
Ovarian localization Granulosa
Comment
Follicle stages Antral, Preovulatory
Comment
Phenotypes
Mutations 0 mutations
Genomic Region show genomic region
Phenotypes and GWAS show phenotypes and GWAS
Links
OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: an excellent source of general gene description and genetic information.)
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created: May 31, 2001, 5:49 p.m. by: hsueh   email:
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last update: Aug. 14, 2001, 9:24 a.m. by: hsueh    email:



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